LESSON TWO QUIZ Master Sheet

#1

1. The difference between poison and medicine is ____
dosage 

2. In testing low dosage tinctures, do not drop directly __ __ ____
in your mouth 

3. Postganglionic, parasympathetic nerves have ___ branches, sympathetic nerves have ____ branches.
few, many 

4. Sympathetic or flight-or-fight nerves have ____ redundancies, parasympathetic nerves have ___ redundancies
many, few 

5. Postganglionic parasympathetic nerves secrete _______, postganglionic sympathetic nerves secrete _______ (__________).
acetylcholine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline) 

6. Natural or drug decongestants are generally _____
adrenergic or sympathetic 

7. Sudafed (pseudoephedrine) is found in nature in the Chinese plant __ ____
Ma Huang 

8. Such a decongestant will ___ the sinuses, ____ the bronchi, ___ healing response
dry, dilate, stop or suppress 

9. The IGE mediated response is inhibited by ____ (native) and ____ (drug)
adrenalin, decongestant 

10. Mast cells contain granules of ____ and cause ____
histamine, allergies 

11. To induce inflammation or allergies, millions of molecules of ___ attach to the membranes of ____ ____, releasing ____ from inside the cells
IGE, mast cells, histamine 

12. This is called ____; the released histamine binds to ____ _____ _____, and induces _______
degranulation, histamine receptor sites, inflammation 

13. Antihistamines bind to _____ _____ ____
histamine receptor sites 

14. Most antihistamines are  also ______
anticholinergic 

15. Parasympathetic functions ____ mucus secretions and _____ bronchial rings.
increase, constrict 

16. To make a quart of isotonic or neutrally saline water, add __ ____ of ____ to a quart of ____ water
1 teaspoon, salt, sterile 

17. A convenient method of making Golden Seal eyedrops for short-term use is to take a half-ounce bottle of "liquid tears", pop off the nipple carefully, and add ___ to ____ ____ of Hydrastis Tincture
15 to 20 drops 

18. For styes, add __ to __ ___ of Myrrh tincture to a bottle.
6-7 drops 

#2

1. In setting up patterns of excess and deficiency in an organ system, what is the basis? 
The primary physiologic functions of that organ system 

2. In the body, herbs effect ______, ______, _____ _____  and ____.
absorption, metabolism, fluid transport and excretion 

3. Prickly Ash Berries (Zanthoxylum spp.) are not a nutritive but a _____ _____ to the upper intestinal tract.
controlled irritant`

4. The liver views Oregon Grape as a mild ____, and it speeds up _____ and _____ ____ metabolism.
poison or toxin, protein, amino acid  

5. Most herbs are _____, and in smaller doses can be _____.
irritants, stimulants  

6. We use many herbs that trigger ____ in the body
reactivity 

7. Some plants, rather than causing the body to react them, have simple, straight forward ____ effects, such as opium and belladonna.
drug 

8. Tinctures tend to be absorbed _____ the liver, teas and capsules tend to be absorbed _____ the liver.
above, through 

9. In the constitutional use of herbs it is important to stimulate _____, in order that disorders will not lodge in and alter _____.
function, structure 

10. A major goal is to support functional problems in order that they don’t cause _____ disease
organic 

11. We are trying to stimulate ______ functions in order to distract and shift energy from those functions that are chronically ______
deficient, excessive  

12. “Excess” means that the organ system is _______
overfunctioning 

13. Usually, _____ in one organs system is payed for by ______ in another organ system
excess, deficiency  

14. If the body stimulates blood supply or chi to one organ system, this is followed by dimished ____ _____ to another organ system.
blood supply 

15. Flight or fight response increases blood supply to the____, _____, _____ _____, 
and the ____ itself.
brain, lungs, skeletal muscles, heart 

16. This diminishes blood supply to the______ _____, _____, _____, and the _________ _____.
intestinal tract, spleen, liver, reproductive organs

17. In adrenergic states, your muscular depolarization ______ is lowered.
threshold

18. Directly suppressing an excess function usually entails a ____ effect.
drug 

19. The use of drug (suppressive) agents is alright in the _____ _____
short term .

20. Chronic use of suppressive agents results in drug ______ and _________
tolerance, accommodation 

21. High blood pressure is nearly always a response to a _____ for high blood pressure.
need  

22. Taking blood pressure medicine lowers the blood pressure, but does nothing to diminish the ____ for a high blood pressure.
need  

23. High blood pressure is a _____ accommodation.
necessary  

24. Nobody has ever proven that lowering _____ ______ or serum _______ has increased lifespan
blood pressure, cholesterol

25. If you have high blood pressure than you probably need it to be in _________
homeostasis  

26. To be in balance is to be in ______
homeostasis  

27. Any major changes in blood chemistry results in ______ ______ ______ ______
central nervous system irritability  

28. Deficiencies mostly derive from ______ ________, ________, and _____ factors
life style, accommodations, genetics 

#3

1. Ocular or orbital refers to your ____
eyes 

2. The lachrymal gland is _____, ______, and ______ to the orbit of the eye.
anterior, superior and lateral

3. Dry eyes can be caused by _____ stress.
adrenalin 

4. Adrenalin diminishes saliva by causing ______.
vasoconstriction  

5. The enteric or myenteric plexus acts as a “second brain” for the ______ _____ 
intestinal tract  

6. What are the adrenergic or norepinephrine-stimulated sweat areas?
_____________________________________________________________
palms, soles of feet, face and neck

7. Apocrine glands are found in the _____, ______, and _______
armpits, groin and the nipples 

8. The three types of muscles are ______, _______, ______
striped or striated, smooth, cardiac 

9. In striped muscles, the impulse is brought from nerves by membrane _____ depolarization, and institutes, in the scriped muscles, depolarization of ______
sodium, calcium

10. Smooth muscles have _____ channels.
calcium 

11. Striped muscles have their calcium ions on the cell _____, smooth muscles have their calcium in _____
membranes, channels 

12. Smooth muscles are also called ______, striped muscles are also called _______
involuntary, voluntary

13. Smooth muscles may have _____ _______, which, when activated, kill the calcium-induced contraction impulse by repolarizaion.
stretch receptors

14. Smooth muscles can stay partially contracted for long periods of time, Name two smooth muscle groups that display this characteristic. ____________________
intestinal tract, bladder, 
 
15. Striped muscles use _____ calcium, smooth muscles use ______ calcium
intracellular, extracellular

16. Cardiac muscle has characteristics of both ______ muscle and ______ muscle
striped, smooth

17. Cardiac has fast _______ and slow _______ channels
sodium, calcium 

18. Calcium channel blockers are drugs that can lower blood pressure by ______ the blood vessels.
relaxing 

19. Low serum calcium can cause ______ of skeletal muscles.
hyperpolarization

20. Low calcium allows muscles to contract with less stimulus and you get _____
cramps

21. It’s difficult to use calcium if you are ________ deficient
magnesium

22. Sympathetic dominance ____ blood pressure and ______ ___ the pulse.
Parasympathetic dominance _____ blood pressure and ______ the pulse
raises, speeds up, lowers, slows

23. Name the structures of the intestinal tract
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver/gall bladder,small intestine, large intestine

24. Name the predominant enzymes of those structures
Mouth- amylase
Stomach- gastrin, pepsin
Pancreas- amylase, lipase, trypsin, chymotrypsin

25. Name the major shifts in pH in the gut
Mouth, alkaline: stomach, acid; duodenum, alkaline, rest of small intestine, neutral

#4

1. 10th cranial nerve is the _____ _____
vagus nerve

2. MAO is ____-_____ ________
mono-amine oxidase

3. COMT is ___ _ ____ _______
catechol-o-methyl transferase

4. The tube diameter of the intestines is called the _____
lumen

5. The wavelike milking contractions of tube muscles, particularly intestinal, is called _______
peristalsis 

6. Name a “safe” anti-cholinergic (“It’s my favorite herb” - 7Song) _______
Garrya 

7. Sympathetic stimulus of the liver results in ________ (making new glucose) and ______ (breaking down of glycogen)
gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis

8. Renin is secreted with sudden loss of ____ ______ and when you ____ _____
blood pressure, stand up

9. The _____-___________ pathway helps to enable blood pressure to accommodate.
renin-angiotensin

10. Corollary to renin, the liver makes _______, which, in the presence of renin, is converted, in the bloodstream, into _______  _
angiotensinogen, angiotensin I

11. Angiotensin I is converted into angiotensin II when acted on by enzymes from the _____
lungs 

12. Angiotensin II is a direct _________
vasoconstrictor 

13. In kidney deficiency there is less renin made, less angiotensin II converted, and ___ blood pressure
low

14. Angiotensin II causes a release of ______ from the _____ ______
aldosterone,  adrenal cortex

15. The adrenal glands are made up of the _______ _______, which secretes ______, and the ______ _______ which secretes ______ ______
adrenal medullas, adrenalin, adrenal cortices, steroid hormones or cortical hormones or corticosteroid hormones

16. Aldosterone induces the kidneys to retain ______ and ______ blood pressure.
sodium, increase

17. Angiotensin II also causes a release, from the ______, of ________ or ___
pituitary, vasopressin or ADH

18. ADH causes the kidneys to retain _____
water 

19. Kidneys secrete _____, Liver secretes ______, which combine to make ______ _, which are converted by lung enzymes to _______ __, which acts as a ______ ______, and stimulates adrenal cortex release of ______ and pituitary release of ____ as well as increased _____ ______ ______ (____ ). This all induces the release of _____ from the adrenal medulla....which increases the release of renin
renin, angiotensinogen, angiotensin I, angiotensin II, direct vasoconstrictor, aldosterone, ADH, platelet aggregate factor (PAF), adrenalin

20. Sympathetic dominance constricts the ______ of the lower urinary tract
ureters

21. The muscle that makes of the side and top of the bladder is called the______
detrussor

#5

1. Insulin, secreted by the _____, causes cells to take up ______
pancreas, glucose

2. The spleen, an organ that ______ ___ _____, constricts under _____ stimulus, expelling stored ____ _____ _____ into circulation, and ____ the blood pressure.
cleans the blood, sympathetic, red blood cells, raising

3. The reproductive functions are generally ______ under sympathetic adrenergic dominance.
suppressed

4. Sexual arousal is generally stimulated by ______ functions, whereas orgasm is generally produced by ______ functions.
parasympathetic, sympathetic

5. “S2, 3, 4 ______ ____ _____ ____ ____ _____”, alleged memorization phrase according to Brounstein
gets the penis off the floor

6. In a massive adrenal medulla discharge, hormones secreted are __% adrenaline (epinephrine) and __% noradrenaline (norepinephrine)
80, 20

7. This hormonal adrenergic discharge acts on receptive tissues ________ times as long as a local adrenergic discharge and is _____ times as strong
5-10, 5-10

8. The adrenergic sites only acted on by the adrenal medulla hormone _____ (_______) and without any nerve contact are therefore much stronger.
adrenaline (epinephrine)

9. Endorphine, released in the brain with adrenaline, binds to ______ ______
opium receptors

10. ______, an adrenal cortical anti-inflammatory hormone, is secreted along with adrenaline
cortisol

11. ______ stimulates gluconeogenesis and fosters the use of fats and proteins as backup sources of fuel.
Cortisol

12. The catecholamines are _______, ________, _________ and ___________.
dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine.

13. They are all amplified by ______
cortisol

14. Although a few sweat glands are stimulated by adrenalin, most sweat glands, although sympathetic, are actually stimulated by ________
acetylcholine

15. Although there are very few anti-adrenergic herbs, Howie feels that ______ qualifies.
anemone

16. A widely used group of hypertension drugs, classed as anti-adrenergics, are the ____- ______
beta-blockers 

17. Two herbs used to lower inter-ocular pressure are _______ and ________
anemone and marijuana

18. A body-wide allergic response is called _______
anaphylaxis

#6

1. Although all cholinergic receptors of the parasympathetics and sympathetics react to acetylcholine, some react to ____, some react to ______
nicotine, muscarine

2. The main alkaloid in lobelia is _____
lobeline

3. Nicotine, depending on existing metabolism. can stimulate both _______ and _____ receptors.
sympathetic and parasympathetic (or adrenergic and cholinergic)

4. Dry lobelia, as a tea or tincture or in capsules is reverse schizo to ______
nicotine

5. Fresh lobelia is a pure and effective ___________, strengthening many functions suppressed by ______states.
parasympathomimetic, adrenalin

6. Muscarinic receptors only occur in _______ cholinergic binding sites
parasympathetic

7. Anticholinergics block _________, _______, and _______ receptor sites.
parasympathetic, nicotinic and muscarinic

8. Anticholinergics block cholinergic sites but not ______sites
adrenergic

9. Name the primary effects of standard anticholinergics 

dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, bowel obstruction, dilated pupils, blurred vision, increased heart rate, and decreased sweating 

10. In testing most anticholinergics, what is the first symptom to appear that shows an excess dosage? ____________________________
dry mouth

11. Name as many caffeine, theobromine or theophylline plants as you can think of?
coffee, tea, chocolate, guarana, mate, kola nuts